A complete course on diabetes mellitus

Explore the essentials of diabetes mellitus, including diagnostic criteria, classification (type 1, type 2, MODY, gestational), pathophysiology, risk factors, and related conditions.

Explore the signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus and key investigations for complications. Learn a comprehensive, patient centered management approach emphasizing individualized targets, nutrition, and regular exercise.

Describe insulin pharmacokinetics from ultra short-acting to long-acting and common regimens. Summarize diabetes drugs like metformin, secretagogues, glp-1 agonists, dpp-4 inhibitors, sglt2 inhibitors, and emphasize medical nutrition therapy and exercise.

Discuss diabetic nephropathy, its pathophysiology and screening with albuminuria and ACR, and management focusing on glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control to slow CKD progression.

Master safe insulin storage and injection techniques to ensure efficacy. Learn room-temperature stability for about a month and rotate injection sites like the abdomen, thigh, arm, and gluteal region.

Explore insulin's journey from discovery to analogs, learn insulin pharmacokinetics, types and analogs, and indications across type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes, and emergencies.

Explore individualized insulin regimens for diabetes, including basal, basal plus, pre-mixed, and basal-bolus approaches, with Miami four by twelve, 500, and 1800 dosing rules, monitoring, and adjustments.

Screen for diabetic retinopathy early to enable diagnosis and prevent blindness, differentiate npdr from pdr, note features, and apply photocoagulation and anti-VEGF with proper glycemic and blood pressure control.

This lecture explains diabetic neuropathy, including diffuse and autonomic neuropathy, distal symmetric polyneuropathy, and mononeuropathies, and management with glycemic control, duloxetine or pregabalin, vitamins, and routine foot exams.

Gestational diabetes mellitus arises from pregnancy-related insulin resistance and is diagnosed in the second or third trimester. Screen with glucose tests and manage with diet, exercise, and insulin.

Diagnose and manage diabetic ketoacidosis (dka), an insulin-deficiency emergency with ketosis and acidosis. Learn about precipitating factors, pathophysiology, and fluid, insulin, and electrolyte therapy for safe clinical practice.

Explains the pathophysiology, precipitating factors, and clinical management of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, including fluid resuscitation, insulin therapy, electrolyte correction, and monitoring.